Sunday, March 17, 2019

The Strange Story of O'Neal


3-minute trailer with clips of O'Neal speaking English

Full documentary

Panim Amitiyot with Amnon Levi

English translation by Janna Weiss

Amnon Levi (narration): Shalom, Good evening. He’s a young boy. O'Neal is only three years and nine months old. He’s Druze. He lives in Majdal Shams in the north. He speaks a few words in Arabic. But he speaks fluent English with a British accent. His parents, however, don’t speak English, and don’t understand what he says. That’s how he was born, they tell us — an English speaker.

A few months ago, O'Neal’s grandmother contacted us and asked us to come and see. We were very skeptical. But then she sent us videos of him. We went to Majdal Shams and were amazed. We returned to Tel Aviv. We recruited experts, a neuroscientist, a linguist, even a psychic, we even went that far. Perhaps science or mysticism will have a convincing explanation for the story of the Druze boy who was born speaking British English.

“The Real Faces of the Boy Wonder” — Report by Moshe Harush and Havi Klaiman

Moshe Harush: Let’s go here. We’re looking for a boy named O'Neal who was born speaking English. Do you know which family? Do you know the story?

Druze man: Yes, yes.

Druze woman: He’s three years old. He speaks English like someone who lives in America.

We arrive in late morning in Majdal Shams at the foot of Mount Hermon, to see with our eyes and hear with our ears about the miracle that took place in the village. A boy wonder who was born speaking fluent English, when none of his family members know the language.

His grandmother, Jamela, left us a message on Facebook and asked us to come to the village to see what happened to her grandson.

The Facebook post:

Good evening Mr. Amnon
I'm a grandmother from the Golan Heights
We have a grandson who does not speak Arabic
He speaks British English, as his mother tongue
I wanted to consult with you
I can send movies if you’d like
He is three years old from Majdal Shams
After entering nursery school he began to have social interactions and to speak Arabic
He sometimes feels lonely
And is not expanding his relationships
He only feels comfortable when he finds an English speaker
According to a decision of the Education Department and of the maternal care program (Tipat Halav), in a joint meeting,
they decided that has a higher level of knowledge than a student
with a BA in English. My name is. .. Shams Jamela

If you take an interest in this gifted child
maybe it will lead him to something wonderful …

[end Facebook post]

Moshe: So, he was born here?

-Yes.

Moshe: And…

Druze man: He speaks English.

Moshe: Speaks English.

Druze man: Let’s say, the toys and such, everything he says not in Arabic, in…

Moshe: In English.

Druze man: In English.

Jewish man: They have stories here

Druze man: Yes, we’re Druze, we have, yes.

Jewish man: Something special.

Druze man: At the top of the hill. On the left.

Moshe: Yes.

Druze man: The house right on the corner.

Moshe: Hi Amir.

Amir Mahmud, O'Neal’s father: Hi.

Moshe: How are you?

Amir: Okay.

Moshe: It’s an incredible story, isn’t it?

Amir: Yes.

Moshe: Now he’s three and a half.

Amir: Three and nine months,

Moshe: And how old was he when you found out about it?

Amir: Two and a half.

Grandmother Jamela invited us to the village, but the boy’s parents are hesitant. They are humble people, who live at the far end of the country and are not used to attention from the media.

Moshe: He’s home?

Amir: Yes.

Moshe: So, I guess we’ll go in, no?

Amir: Please.

I don’t know what we expected, but even after the preparation by phone, O'Neal manages to surprise us — a curious, funny toddler who gleefully assaults our cameras.

Jewish woman: Boo!

O'Neal Mahmud: What is that? Hey, what is that? What is that? Hey, it’s us.

We spend a whole day with him and can’t figure out what’s going on here. What are we seeing?

O'Neal: Sit here. Sit!

Moshe: Where are you going now, O'Neal?

O'Neal: I’m shopping, to buy Kinder Surprise eggs.

Moshe: Which candy do you like?

O'Neal: White and red.

Moshe: What?

O'Neal: White and red! It’s the Kinder Surprise.

Moshe: Kinder Surprise?

O'Neal: Yes.

Moshe: Oh.

O'Neal: They have toys. They have a toy.

Moshe: Where?

O'Neal: In the Kinder Surprise inside. And I eat the chocolate. And squash it. Look! See! Look! It’s a smoke. See! Look. See the smoke.

Moshe: The smoke? Where do you see the smoke?

O'Neal: See it. See it, look, it’s here.

Moshe: Ah, smoke.

-Yes.

Moshe: Okay.

O'Neal: Put the rectangle on me.

Moshe: What to do?

O'Neal: Put the rectangle on me.

Moshe: This way?

O'Neal: Just on me. Just on me. Here’s me. Hi.

Moshe: What are you doing?

O'Neal: It’s a waterfall. Waterfall, waterfall.

Grandfather Yihya: What’s he saying?

Moshe: He says it’s like a waterfall.

O'Neal: Waterfall, waterfall. Waterfall, waterfall.

Moshe: It’s funny.

Grandfather Yihya: I don’t understand every word, and sometimes I say, “Yes, okay” and I don’t understand what he’s saying.

O'Neal: Waterfall, waterfall. Waterfall, waterfall.

It’s a strange situation. You give birth to a child who doesn’t speak his mother tongue, the language of his mother, father and family. And they don’t know how to speak to him. They say that the past year they learned a few words in English, so that they can at least communicate with O'Neal.

Jamela Shams, O'Neal’s grandmother: We didn’t understand. We would… I have a daughter in college now. We would ask her what he was saying. She translates for us.

Moshe: You didn’t know any English?

Grandmother Jamela: We don’t remember. What we got in high school, we forgot it all. Everyone forgets it.

Yihya Shams, O'Neal’s grandfather: I tried to use Google Translate on the cellphone. It tells me, so I understand in Arabic. You understand? Whatever it tells me, then I understand what he wants.

Moshe: You would translate him?

Grandfather Yihya: Yes. I don’t understand him.

Amir: Sometimes he talks to me in words that I don’t understand.

O'Neal: Mickey! He’s on my bed!

Moshe: And what’s his level in Arabic now?

Grandfather Yihya: No, no, he doesn’t know it. He doesn’t have… he knows a few words. A few words.

O'Neal: [Arabic: Int halast?] Are you done?

Grandfather Yihya: Look, he’s speaking now. He’s telling me: Int halast? Are you done? That is, Are you done? You’ve finished.

Even though the English is rather impressive, it’s not useful in day-to-day life and the family is trying to teach O'Neal Arabic.

O'Neal: Wow! Telephone.

Grandfather Yihya: [Arabic: Shu hadi?] What’s this?

O'Neal: [Arabic: Se’a.] A watch.

Grandtather Yihya: [Arabic: Tayib. Shu hada?] Good. What’s this?

O'Neal: A computer.

Yihya: A computer. That’s not Arabic.

Moshe: Do you remember the first time you heard him? What did you…

Amir: Yes.

Moshe: What were you thinking? What did you say to yourself?

Amir: At first, I panicked. What’s going on here? What’s he saying? How can he speak English? Who taught him and so on.

Moshe: What were you thinking?

Amir: I thought reincarnation.

Moshe: In the previous reincarnation.

Druze man: In the previous reincarnation, maybe it was in America. Maybe in England. We believe in that.

Grandmother Jamela: I, as a Druze, I know, the Druze believe in reincarnation. All of them. Everyone.

Grandfather Yihya: I believe in it. Sometime I would ask him: Where are you from? He would say, “England, London.” He’s a person who’s like he’s from there, and he was an old man.

Grandmother Jamela: O’Neal was born four years ago. It was such a joyous occasion for us.

The young parents decided to name him an unusual name for the region: O'Neal.

Amir: No, I like that name.

The mother: Shaquille O'Neal is the name of a basketball player.

The joy at the birth of the son changed to worry. Infants usually already start speaking their first words by the time they’re a year and a half old. But O'Neal didn’t say anything until he was two.

Moshe: He didn’t speak at all.

Sigalit Bar, director of the Education Department in the village: He didn’t speak at all.

Moshe: Which is not normal.

Sigalit: Not normal, to not speak at two years is not normal.

Grandmother Jamela: He didn’t reply, didn’t say much. He didn’t respond to their requests. Maybe he has a hearing problem.

Sigalit: And they were afraid he might have some problem, either that he can’t hear or can’t speak. That he has, I don’t know if maybe an intellectual disability, but some sort of problem.

They took O'Neal for testing and everything seemed normal. At about the same time, he started mumbling some sort of unintelligible gibberish.

[O’Neal speaking gibberish. 7:50-8:04]

The worried parents decided to get in touch with Irit Holman, a nurse who works in the village, so that she could help them understand what was wrong with their child.

Irit Holman, community nurse: His mother contacted me for a test, a language test, a speech test, because his speech was late. I referred him for further testing. And she came back to me and asked to meet with me once more, because she said, “My child has a problem.”

Irit Holman: I said to her, “What’s the problem?” She said, “He speaks, but he speaks like the King of England.” That’s what she told me.

Moshe: Oh, what, this is chicken??

O'Neal: No, it’s a dinosaur.

Moshe: Oh, no.

O'Neal: It’s a cr…. It’s crazy.

Moshe: This a chicken?

O'Neal: No, it’s a zebra.

After two years of silence, O'Neal starts speaking almost all at once and in English.

Moshe: This donkey?

O'Neal: No.

Moshe: What’s this?

O’Neal: It’s a motorbike.

Moshe: Motorbike.

O'Neal: Dinosaur eggs. Dinosaur eggs.

Moshe: What’s that?

O'Neal: It’s a big tummy.

Moshe: Do you have a big tummy?

O'Neal: No. A small tummy.

Irit: His vocabulary…when I spoke to him and I said something to him, and he said, “Oh, my goodness!” A child doesn’t say things like that. A child doesn’t use expressions like that, like he does. Sometimes it’s so astonishing that you’re left speechless, you don’t know how to respond. He knew a few old terms that don’t exist nowadays, and that children don’t recognize. We showed him pictures of all sorts of objects. So he recognized a picture of… an old scale and he simply said water buckets, that’s how water is carried from place to place.

Irit: Do you know what this is?

O'Neal: A water canny.

Irit: What?

O'Neal: A water…

Irit: A water… A water canny. Okay. In other words, this gesture of two buckets on a… it’s…

Moshe: Yes.

Irit:  …it’s something that a child doesn’t recognize. Not in this area, at least.

Grandfather Yihya: He’s an old man. He said words to her that only very old people in London say them. I don’t know how water is carried from place to place, the truth is I don’t know anything about that. I don’t know what to tell you, where he gets this language from, I don’t know.

Irit: An old key, one of those old keys that no one uses anymore…

Irit: This one?

O'Neal: A key.

Irit: No child, this age more or less, when I ask them about the same pictures, knows what it is. He knew.

Moshe: They don’t know at all.

Irit: They don’t know at all.

Moshe: It’s not that they don’t know how to say it in their language.

Irit: No, no, no, they don’t know at all. That have no idea what it is. He knew.

Moshe: He knew, and he also knew how to say it in English.

Irit: Yes. It’s a key. Everything in English.

Jamela: He says, “So sorry, my dear.” Every sentence he says “my dear.” All the phrases they use in Britain, he uses them.

Irit: It’s the first time I see something and I don’t have a rational explanation for it. Druze parents who born here in the village, who were never abroad, who don’t speak English.

Moshe: If we try to come up with another explanation besides reincarnation, what could it be?

Irit: Say, he watches television in English 24 hours a day every day. And he picks up the language and he’s very smart. That’s a possibility, it’s a possibility. But it’s not. That’s not it.

Moshe: You rule out that possibility.

Irit: Because he doesn’t do that.

Moshe: Let’s say, phenonemal learning ability and phenomenal memory.

Irit: Okay, so why in Arabic? Why didn’t he pick up the Arabic first? They spoke to him in Arabic. The family speaks to him in Arabic. Why didn’t he pick up the Arabic? That’s the language he was spoken to from birth. The accent. The accent is not something that he could have gotten.

Irit is a nurse who is 22 years in the profession. She a medical professional who tells us that after she looked into this matter in depth she couldn’t find any explanation for it other than reincarnation.

Irit: If you can give me another reasonable explanation, I’m willing to accept it. But as of now, it seems simply incredible to me.

Moshe: Did you share this idea with other professionals?

Irit: Yes, look. For a person who believes in it, it’s just one more bit of proof out of many that reincarnation exists. And for someone who doesn’t believe and sees O'Neal and hears him, it undermines everything they believe in… It’s as if all of sudden you have something right in front of your eyes that you see and hear and you have no explanation for, no logical explanation for it, as of now. Unless someone finds something. It undermines.

When he was almost three, when he was supposed to be officially enrolled in the educational system, O'Neal meets Sigalit Bar.

Sigalit Bar, director of the Education Department, Majdal Shams: I’m the director of education in the village.

Sigalit was shocked. She decided to consult with her superiors in the Ministry of Education.

Moshe: You called the supervisor and what did you tell her?

Sigalit: I called the supervisor and told her there’s a boy here in my office who is one of a kind, who speaks fluent English, with adult expressions, who doesn’t know Arabic.

Moshe: What was her reaction?

Sigalit: She was also like, you know, the Druze believe in reincarnation. So, for her, it was a major ‘wow.’

In the educational system, they didn’t know what to make of this strange story. A Druze boy who speaks only English. By law, at the beginning of September he was required to enter nursery school. What to do?

Sigalit Bar: From September 11 he was essentially officially my responsibility.

After countless consulations, they decided to enroll him in a place where the nursery school teacher speaks English, but the nursery school was Druze, and the children there speak Arabic. That way, according to the experts, he would be able to assimilate into the village.

Sigalit Bar: At first there were difficulties in the nursery school, communication difficulties, especially with the children. Because there are all kinds of words that are spoken in English and in Arabic they have different meanings, and there were many problems, the boy had angry outbursts. The way to communicate is to learn a language. And if I assign someone to teach him English, the boy will not acquire Arabic. If he wants to assimilate here socially, he must learn Arabic.

Moshe: Do you really believe that inside this boy there’s the soul of someone from England?

Sigalit: After I saw this boy, yes.

Moshe: And before?

Sigalit: Before, you know, I heard stories, but after I saw the boy, I left… I reached my community. I had some meeting there. I walked in and said to them, “I believe in reincarnation.”

Moshe: Really?

Sigalit: Look, you see. I don’t have another explanation. I’m convinced now, from my conversations with him. It’s something that you… I never encountered it. I never encountered a phenomenon like it, I don’t know anything else like it. There’s something about him that’s like an adult. If you saw him, his language, what he talks about… He’s like an adult, not like a boy. The first time I met him, he wasn’t like a two and a half year old boy.

Moshe: Isn’t it easier to assume that his parents have been pushing English on him from age zero?

Sigalit: There are parents here in the village… who play English so the children can hear it, so that they’ll learn English. It’s not at that level, because usually you hear a level of English that’s in children’s movies. It’s a child’s level of English. He speaks with an accent. His accent is also an English accent.

Meeting O'Neal convinces skeptical professionals like the nurse and the education woman from the village, that maybe here it’s really reincarnation. The family seeks out a psychic who will try to give an explanation, to find out whose soul has reincarnated into this boy.

Tamar Galili, psychic: It didn’t make sense to me, why English and not Arabic. Another reincarnation, okay, but why aren’t you speaking the local language?

The first thing she does is to record him, to try to figure out where this accent comes from.

Tamar: I played the recording to a few people so that they could hear the accent. They said it sounded like a Pakistani accent from south London. Not ancient. That means it’s someone who lived not long ago, not something ancient.

Moshe: Try to explain to me a minute. The same way a soul goes in, it goes out? How does it work?

Tamar: Um… let’s say your body is a body, and it has some consciousness. Okay? You know who you are. You think you know who you are. You live in some body, you walk around here on earth, but where does this consciousness come from? What was there before?

Moshe: In other words, we are all reincarnations of something prior.

Tamar: (Tamar nods her head ‘yes.’) We’re reincarnating all the time, sometimes we don’t come back in another reincarnation. Now, this repeats a lot in many religions. It repeats a lot in many cultures. It’s not my invention, or our invention, or the Druze people’s invention.

In Tamar’s world, it’s entirely clear that O'Neal speaks English because the soul of a British person reincarnated into him.

Moshe: I am go home. Okay?

O'Neal: No.

Moshe: Yes.

O'Neal: No.

After the first encounter with O'Neal and his family, we returned to Tel Aviv confused. Since we did not believe in reincarnation, we looked for a scientific explanation for what we had seen, and invited Dr. Keren Ben Yithak, an expert in neuroscience who is also involved in experimental psychology research, to the network.

Moshe: Do reincarnation and science go together?

Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak, expert in neuroscientific research: Not as far as I know. I don’t think there’s anything like that.

We brought her to our editing room so that we could show her what we had filmed.

Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak: The assumption in reincarnation is that today I have some sort of consciousness that I haven’t ever encountered before. My present nervous system that I was born with and grew up with in this world, this system didn’t directly encounter… the nervous system that my previous reincarnation had.

Moshe: Let me show you.

O'Neal: A mouse. A apple and a paper and a owl. And a princess and a egg and a house and a banana.

Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak: The boy definitely knows English.

We ask Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak if science had ever encountered a similar phenomenon.

Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak: Xenoglossy. It’s called xenoglossy. There are reports…

Moshe: Which is?

Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak: It’s exactly that. It’s a condition in which a person, by the way, mainly after head injuries… it happens after embolisms from stroke, for instance. Tumor removal, head injuries like trauma, etcetera. And in these conditions the brain is damaged and rearranges itself anew. It has the ability to compensate, to change. In these conditions there were reports of this. For example, just a few years ago, there was a report about a 50-year-old Italian man after stroke who suddenly started chitchatting in French.

Dr. Keren Ben Yitzhak is relating an incident that appeared mainly in the scientific literature in which a man named J.C. one day simply started speaking in French.

When the case was discovered, the medical world was shocked, but after an extensive investigation, it turned out that the man had learned French in school and had a romantic involvement with a young French woman in his youth. He didn’t speak the language for years. He forgot it and simply remembered it. According to the same article, this was a very rare phenomenon that has been documented only a few dozen times throughout history. But O'Neal doesn’t fit that description. He’s only three and a half years old so he could not possibly remember any language that he learned in the past.

Dr. Keren Ben Yizhak: Language acquisition can’t be ‘something from nothing.’ Okay? I mean, it doesn’t work like that. Assuming that that’s really the case, it’s… very rare. It's very intriguing. As a neuroscientist, I have no explanation as to how this happens. I do not know of any case where language is acquired from nowhere.

Moshe: Science is missing something.

Dr. Keren Ben Yizhak: (laughs) Science is missing a lot of things.

We tell Dr. Ben Yizhak about the diagnostic pictures that the community nurse used with O'Neal, in which he recognized an old key. She was not so impressed by that.

Dr. Keren Ben Yizhak: Often at those ages certain children can already sort objects into categories. So if I now have a key that is this size and I know it’s a key, I will definitely know—by the way, that’s part of language acquisition—I will know to say that a key this size is also a key. We know how to say that a table like this is a table like this, and a slightly smaller table is also a table.

As we continue to give her more details about the boy’s strange case, she says that there’s a missing detail. Evidently, O'Neal has a source of exposure to English from which he acquired the language.

Dr. Keren Ben Yizhak: It can happen that, especially if there’s also a phenomenal brain in terms of its language acquisition ability. Yes? Or to really remember sounds. It’s sometimes enough to have a figure who is not necessarily the dominant figure in the home. In other words, in the Ministry of Education, in any setting that is… in which the boy has some frequent exposure to this person who will expose him to English. And that could trigger a process like that.

Dr. Keren Ben Yizhak sends us to search for someone to the village that O'Neal might have learned English from, and very quickly we discover that maybe there is such a person. One of the family’s neighbors is a man named Wajdi who once lived in London and knows English. Later on we find out that O'Neal knows him and is even close to Wajdi. Have we found a simple and trivial solution to the mystery? 

Wajdi Afif, O'Neal’s neighbor: Okay, tell me, what’s this? Now, what’s this?

O'Neal: A milk.

Wajdi: Milk. Okay, and what is this, O’Neal? It’s a cow?  

O’Neal: Yeah.

Wajdi: What color is the cow?

We decide to go back to Majdal Shams once again to meet with Wajdi and to try and find out if O’Neal really got the English and the London accent from him.

Moshe: Could you have taught him English?

(Wajdi shrugs.)

Is that really the answer? The neighbor Wajdi? So simple? What does he have to say about all this? When we travel to see him, we bring an expert with us who is a speech therapist with a doctorate in linguistics. She will meet with O’Neal, play with him, examine him close up, and will try to understand: What is this boy’s story? We’ll return shortly.

After consulting with experts, we go again to meet O’Neal. This time, traveling with us is an expert who is both a speech therapist and a doctor of linguistics. She will examine O’Neal close up. At the same time, we want to meet Wajdi, O’Neal’s neighbor who speaks English. We were told that O’Neal is quite close to his neighbor. This could be the trivial solution to the whole story. Here is the rest of the report.

We decide to return to Majdal Shams one more time in order to meet Wajdi and to try to find out if O’Neal got the English and the London accent from him. This time we bring an expert who will examine him closely, Dr. Khaloob Kawar, who is a speech therapist and clinical linguist. Dr. Kawar speaks English and Arabic [and Hebrew]. Her expertise is, as we said, linguistics. She will spend several hours with O’Neal and will diagnose him.

Dr. Khaloob Kawar, speech therapist: I don’t think it’s reincarnation, I don’t even believe in it. Definitely.

Moshe: You are going essentially in order to try to obtain what? An explanation for where he got this language from? For where he got this English?

Dr. Khaloob Kawar: I want to see his communication abilities, first of all. And also his linguistic abilities, in English and Arabic. And then maybe it will be possible to come up with another picture or another explanation for where the English came from.

Moshe: Can a child suddenly know a language without being exposed to it?

Dr. Khaloob Kawar: From a scientific viewpoint, no. A child aquires the language that he is exposed to from his surroundings. And if the surrounding is Arabic-speaking, then he should speak Arabic, but… It could be that he is exposed to English from television or from other sources.

Even before Khaloob starts the examination, we try to find out if the source is really the neighbor. We arrange to meet Wajdi. One thing is clear from the outset. Even if there’s a chance that O’Neal got his vocabulary from Wajdi, the accent evidently didn’t come from him.

Wajdi: Where to? Where to?

O’Neal: Cameraman.

Wajdi: There’s a cameraman.

Moshe: You lived in England for seven years?

Wajdi: Yes.

Moshe: And that’s where you learned English?

Wajdi: Yes.

Moshe: O’Neal was never in London?

Wajdi: In this lifetime?

Moshe: (laughs)

Wajdi: No, no.

Moshe: I mean in this lifetime.

Wajdi: No, no, but maybe I’ll take him. If his parents let me, I’ll take him.

Moshe: Could it be that you taught him English?

Wajdi: The first time I met him he was speaking in English and I was suprised, I was shocked.

Moshe: What did he know? When you met him for the first time, what did he know? A word here and there?

Wajdi: No, no way. You saw him, speaking sentences, saying things and what surprised me most of all… I told you he came into my house and we spoke and he said he wanted to go for a ride in the car. I put him in the back and said I’ll take him for a short ride.” He looked in the mirror and was looking for something. So, I said to him, “O’Neal, what’s wrong?” So he says to me, “I”m looking for my seat belt.” I stopped and said, “Holy shmoly, man.”

Wajdi says that O’Neal chose to get close to him because he speaks English and not the other way around. The boy had no one to talk to in the village. No one understood him. That’s why they brought him to him.

Wajdi: Listen, I’ve been teaching my children English for a long time and they don’t know a fraction of what he speaks. They know words, you know, frog, camel, lion, things like that, sun… Even his accent is better than mine. I forgot my English. Listen, I haven’t spoken English since ’99.

Wajdi told us that in the past five years he has been working in the center of the country. He only goes to northern Majdal Shams on the weekends. So the idea that significant exposure came from him is not realistic. We bring up the possibility that maybe he had a lot of exposure to content on television or on a tablet.

Wajdi: If it’s from the videos, then why can’t O’Neal speak Arabic properly?

Moshe: That’s a good question.

Wajdi: If he learned English from videos, then why not from his parents? Why not Arabic? Why did he start replying in English? Why does he reply in Englsh? Everyone around him speaks Arabic. Why would he pick it up from television and not from the… at least the basic… you know. O’Neal, bidak khalib, do you want milk, do you want this.. Why wouldn’t he get that? It’s incomprehensible, as if… you know, for a person who has… I’m totally secular… I don’t know, I’m totally secular. Suddenly you know, it pulls me a little in this direction, even though I’m fine where I am, in this space of mine.

Moshe: It undermines your beliefs?

Wajdi: It undermines my disbeliefs.

Moshe: The ‘dis-“

Wajdi: Yes, it’s as if, you know… you think…

Moshe: Maybe there is something after all.

Even if he didn’t learn English from the neighbor, those faithful to the reincarnation theory have another proposition regarding the two of them.

Tamar Galili, psychic: I began to realize that maybe this neighbor knew someone who was killed there. Maybe a Druze friend in England. There are Druze in England. And maybe it’s his reincarnation. In my opinion, the neighbor’s friend, someone he knew there. Otherwise, why would he be born, what for? Why be born there?

Moshe: Wajdi, if O’Neal is a reincarnation that’s connected to you, I would feel very uncomfortable.

Wajdi: Now you’ve given me something to think about, and something, you know… I never thought about that. Now you… are waking up the…

Moshe: If I were in your position, I would start feeling very uncomfortable.

Wajdi: What? A soul from someplace else…

Moshe: Somebody who’s connected to you…

Wajdi: I don’t now, I… don’t know…

Moshe: I wouldn’t be able to sleep at night.

Wajdi: I sleep well.

The meeting with Wajdi was interesting, but didn’t give us an unequivocal answer. We had no choice but to wait for Dr. Khaloob’s examination. Maybe she will give us the solution to the problem.

Moshe: Is there any chance that after you meet him and communicate with him, that you will become convinced that it’s reincarnation?

Dr. Khaloob: No, no chance. Based on my experience with children with communication disorders, who, for example, speak in literary Arabic instead of spoken Arabic, even though they are exposed to spoken Arabic daily. But they acquire literary Arabic from television and prefer to speak literary Arabic in their daily interactions.

Moshe: Hi.

Grandmother Jamela Shams: Hi.

Moshe: How are you?

Grandmother Jamela: Thank you. (to O’Neal:) I have a friend, new friend.

Dr. Khaloob: I have toys. Do you want to see them? Do you want to play with me? Can we sit there?

Grandmother Jamela: Come, come.

For over an hour Dr. Khaloob stays with O’Neal and examines him with board games and cards. She conducts the exam in English and Arabic.

Dr. Khaloob: What color is this dog?

O’Neal: Green.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: wahi… wahi…) And this… and this…

O’Neal: (speaking in Arabic: dorje) Step.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: silaam) Ladder.

Throughout the entire exam, Grandmother Jamela sits with us in great suspense. She can see that her grandson can’t identify things in the pictures, like, for instance, a ladder. She asks Khaloob to ask him in English.

Grandmother Jamela: If you ask in English, he’ll tell you.

Dr. Khaloob: Just to ask him to say it in English?

Grandmother Jamela: Yes.

Dr. Khaloob: He can distinguish between English and Arabic?

Grandmother Jamela: Yes, whenever he gets stuck in Arabic, he explains it in English.

Dr. Khaloob: Okay. Let’s see.

O’Neal: Ladder.

Dr. Khaloob: A ladder. (speaking in Arabic: sakh) Right. And that?

O’Neal: A bell.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: masboot, sha’ater. kif khalak? mabsoot?) Right. Great. How are you? All right?

O’Neal: No.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: ana ismi miki. inte, shoo ismak?) My name is Miki. What’s your name?

O’Neal: O’Neal.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: bidak titla’ab ma’i?) Do you want to play with me? It’s strange, really.

Moshe: So, Khaloob, what do you say? You never encountered anything like it?

For over an hour Khaloob played with O’Neal. She arrived here extremely skeptical. She doesn’t believe in reincarnation. What are her conclusions? How does she explain the O’Neal phenomenon? We’ll take a break and will be right back.

Khaloob is a linguist and speech therapist who we brought especially to Majdal Shams in order for her to examine O’Neal and try to explain how a Druze boy was born speaking a language that no one in his family knows. After examining him for over an hour, she joins us outside and are we waiting to hear her diagnosis. Here’s the end of the story.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: kif khalak? mabsoot?) How are you? All right?

O’Neal: No.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: ana ismi miki. inte, shoo ismak? My name is Miki. What’s your name?

O’Neal: O’Neal.

Dr. Khaloob: (speaking in Arabic: bidak titla’ab ma’i?) Do you want to play with me?

Dr. Khaloob: It’s strange, really. He’s really a communicative child in every respect. The grandmother insists on exposing him to English as much as possible, and to develop the language too.

Moshe: Why?

Grandmother Jamela: It’s a miracle, it’s something unique.

Dr. Khaloob: Okay.

Grandmother Jamela: It doesn’t happen all the time.

Dr. Khaloob: That's right.

Grandma Jamela: It’s like a stream flowing past the rocks.

Dr. Khaloob: That’s right.

Grandmother Jamela: It flows and flows and can’t be bypassed or blocked. It’s our dream.

Dr. Khaloob: It’s really unique.

Grandmother Jamela: Yes.

Moshe: You haven’t encountered a case like that?

Dr. Khaloob: No, no, not at all.

When we go outside we ask Khaloob to summarize the conversation.

Moshe: So, Khaloob, what do you say?

Dr. Khaloob Kawar: I’m surprised. He’s a completely communicative child, completely. He initiates and responds to communicative interactions. He’s cute. He demands attention.

Moshe: “Surprised” is an understatement. You told me you were shocked.

Dr. Khaloob: Yes. He also communicated in Arabic, but his Arabic… Indeed his Arabic is not proper or appropriate for his age. He has difficulty conjugating, he mixes up the conjugations between male and female…

Moshe: In Arabic?

Dr. Khaloob: Yes. And he… his accent is not…

Moshe: And how’s his English? What’s your impression regarding his English?

Dr. Khaloob: His English is good. It’s appropriate for age three, three and a half, indeed.

Moshe: For a child who was born in England.

Dr. Khaloob: Yes. For a child whose mother tongue is English. One hundred percent, yes.

Moshe: You never encountered anything like it?

Dr. Khaloob: No. I have encountered children who speak another language, but, on the other hand, they also exhibit communication difficulties. With him I didn’t see any.

Moshe: Does that give you pause for thought?

Dr. Khaloob: I’m really surprised. I don’t have a scientific explanation for a phenomenon like that.

Even a professional diagnosis could not explain the strange case of O’Neal. In the Druze community, he has become a symbol, proof of the belief in reincarnation. Science will continue to search for an explanation, to search for answers. But the bottom line is that here is a little boy, just three and half years old, who needs to be cared for. Today, he isn’t completely able to integrate into the village he lives in, and his father and mother are worried. The question of whether his soul came from north London or from south London does not really interest them. They want help for their son. His life will be here in Majdal Shams. We need to think about how to help him. It’s important for his parents to have a teacher who will speak to him in English, to maintain his uniqueness. On the other hand, it’s important for them to educate him so that he will be able to integrate into his Arabic speaking village.

Amir Mahmud: What we’re interested in, is, now, someone who will speak his language.

Moshe: What would you like to happen? Yes?

Amir: Maybe some paraprofessional, or… a special school for him. Because I think he… has a hard time here. He manages, but he needs something good.

Moshe: Are you excited about it even now?

Amir: Yes.

Moshe: Why?

Amir: Because I have a special son. Very special.

O’Neal: Go home.

Moshe: Okay.

We'll add that O'Neal's mother did not want to be photographed, but she was with us the whole time. That’s it for now. We invite you to visit our Facebook page "Panim Amitiyot" (Real Faces) with Amnon Levi in Hebrew, to respond to the report and talk to us.

34:41 (followed by a brief preview of next week’s show)


Related Links

Times of Israel: Druze Toddler Amazes Expert By Speaking English Without Having Learned It
Michael Bachner | June 3, 2018
http://www.timesofisrael.com/druze-toddler-amazes-experts-by-speaking-english-without-having-learned-it/

3-Year-Old Israeli Boy Baffles Doctors by Speaking English Without Ever Having Learned It http://www.odditycentral.com/news/3-year-old-israeli-boy-baffles-doctors-by-speaking-english-without-ever-having-learned-it.html

Young boy speaks English without ever having learnt it! A Reincarnation Case? http://www.magicalrecipesonline.com/2018/06/young-boy-speaks-english-without-ever-having-learnt-it-a-reincarnation-case.html

Walter Semkiw, MD: Reincarnation and Xenoglossy or Unlearned Language
http://www.iisis.net/index.php?page=semkiw-reincarnation-xenoglossy-ian-stevenson-definitions

Walter Semkiw, MD: Evidence of Reincarnation - 10 min
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9w2MCpzE8u0

Past Lives: Science and Documentation
http://therealjannaweiss.blogspot.com/2012/11/past-lives-science-documentation-3-films.html 

Tuesday, July 3, 2018

The Dalai Lama in Central Park



His Holiness the Dalai Lama is one of Central Park’s most notable visitors and speakers. According to the NY Times, His Holiness “made his first appearance in the park in 1991, at a meditation session that drew about 5,000 people.” The Dalai Lama spoke in Central Park’s East Meadow on two occasions, on August 15, 1999, before an audience of 200,000 people, and again on September 21, 2003, to an estimated 65,000 people. 

Central Park ~ August 15, 1999

The Dalai Lama’s 1999 public talk in Central Park was sponsored by the Tibet Center and The Gere Foundation. The New York Times published an article at the beginning of His Holiness’ four-day visit to New York that culminated with the Central Park talk. The New York Times wrote:
 

"'It is good that everybody knows the Dalai Lama,'' said Tenzing Ukyab, owner of the two Tibet Arts & Crafts stores in downtown Manhattan. ''He has compassion for everybody. He talks about peace for the whole world, not just the Tibetan people. And it is good that everybody knows the Tibet situation.'"

With 13th Visit, Dalai Lama Has Gone From Obscurity to Celebrity
by Barbara Steward, August 11, 1999 https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/11/nyregion/with-13th-visit-dalai-lama-has-gone-from-obscurity-to-celebrity.html


The following day, The New York Times underestimated the crowd size by about 160,000. More importantly, Amy Waldman's reporting on the content of His Holiness' speech and participants' experiences was excellent. Waldman's August 16, 1999 New York Times article conveyed the essential points of His Holiness' message on the importance of mind training for developing compassion and his advice on how to practice compassion:
"My life, when I look back, has not been easy," he said, referring to his years in exile and China's repression of Tibet. "One thing I learned," he said, "was that compassion, a sense of caring, thinking about other's welfare, that sort of mental attitude brings me inner peace."

Just as he practiced his mental transformation, he said, every human being has equal potential to do so -- maybe more. And then he took the crowd through eight prayers to train the mind. "I have nothing to offer you, miracle things -- nothing," he said, by way of saying it would not be easy.

He stressed a few central themes, lacing them with jokes and personal anecdotes: Problems would not be solved by material things. Anger is destructive. The way to inner peace is nonviolence, which he said was not just the absence of violence, but "the manifestation of compassion." But, he said, nonviolence does not mean that "we remain indifferent about problems -- we must fully engage."

He stressed the increasing interconnectedness of all human beings in a global world, so that "the destruction of your neighbor is actually the destruction of yourself."

He talked about the great wealth in America, and the great poverty, and said that the capitalist system should be used to make money -- and the socialist system to help the poor benefit from the profits.

He encouraged society to embrace those -- whether criminals or persons with AIDS -- that it had cast out.

He said inner spiritual development was not necessarily linked to religious faith and he encouraged the crowd to weave the practice into their own religious traditions. 
40,000 in Central Park Hear Dalai Lama on Peace by Amy Waldman, August 16, 1999  - https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/national/regional/081699nyc-dalai-lama.html

The full text of His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s 1999 Central Park talk was published in An Open Heart: Practicing Compassion in Everyday Life, by The Dalai Lama, edited by Nicholas Vreeland (2001). The full text [was] also available online in Amazon’s An Open Heart “Look Inside” feature. Regarding An Open Heart, Buddhist scholar, teacher and humanitarian Geshe Pema Dorjee said, “If you read just one book by the Dalai Lama, read this one. It has everything.” 



Here’s the description of the extraordinary Central Park event, in An Open Heart:

“Finally, the Sunday morning of the talk arrived. We rather anxiously drove His Holiness from his hotel to the East Meadow, just off Fifth Avenue and Ninety-eighth Street, where he would enter Central Park. His Holiness asked how many people were expected. We told him we would be delighted with 15,000 to 20,000, but we simply didn’t know. As we made our way up Madison Avenue to the site, we strained to look up the side streets to see if there was any sign of people. As we approached Eighty-sixth Street, we began to see the crowded sidewalks and people moving toward the park.

We took His Holiness to the holding tent behind the stage and went to peek through the curtain. We were overwhelmed to see that the entire East Meadow was filled beyond capacity. It was a beautiful and thrilling sight. We later learned that more than 200,000 people had peacefully gathered there. The area was filled with blessings. The rain that had been falling earlier had stopped. With a massive sound system and video monitor ready to project his teachings to the enormous crowd, His Holiness stepped onto a stage decorated with flowers and a single wooden chair placed in the center.

His Holiness chose to speak in English. Through his simple style he inspired all present to engage in virtuous ways. Surely, many of those present generated bodhicitta, the aspiration to attain full enlightenment in order to help others. We might imagine that upon returning home, all in attendance shared the experience with family and friends, thereby inspiring even more virtuous thoughts and actions. Others read about the event or saw it on television. Consequently, millions of people generated good thoughts as a result of that morning in Central Park.”

An Open Heart, pp. 185-187 - this excerpt from the Afterward is also available on Amazon's “Look Inside”

The Dalai Lama in America: Live in Central Park, with an Introduction by Richard Gere (audio, abridged) https://www.amazon.com/dp/0743508998/

Richard Gere introduced His Holiness at Central Park’s East Meadow (August 15, 1999).

Richard Gere: 

His Holiness the Dalai Lama is a religious leader and a head of state. Since Tibet was a Buddhist country and quite isolated, it had not maintained a modern army. And China’s communist forces very quickly overwhelmed Tibet’s modest defenses by 1950. Until 1959 the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan goverment strove for peaceful co-existence with the Chinese, who had promised not to alter the governance of Tibetan or dismantle its Buddhist traditions and culture. By the mid-1950’s it became clear that China had not intentions of honoring these promises, and rebellions began to break out against the Chinese all over Tibet. On March 10th 1959, a popular uprising erupted in Lhasa, the capital, when it was reported the Chinese planned to abduct the young Dalai Lama. The Chinese suppressed this uprising with brute force, killing thousands, and the Dalai Lama fled into exile with 80,000 Tibetans.

Believing that they’d be able to return soon, they set up makeshift camps in India and elsewhere, and throughout the Himalayan region. But to this day the Dalai Lama has not been able to return, as I’m sure all of you have seen the story in Kundun, the film of last year. Every year, still, thousands of Tibetans escape the repression in Tibet, finding their way over the high Himalayas, mostly in the worst part of the winter, in very little clothes, tennis shoes, thousands make their way — sometimes three, three and half thousand a year - get through. Thousands more die on that journey, but they still continue to try to make this incredible journey out of Tibet.

The exiled government of Tibet is now set up in Dharamsala in northern India, where the Dalai Lama has devoted himself to helping the Tibetan people regain control over their destiny and to continue Tibet’s rich and ancient Buddhist traditions. In doing this, he has traveled all over the world, and his universal messages of compassion and total non-violence have reached an ever growing international audience. In recognition of his efforts and achievements, the Dalai Lama has been conferred countless awards, and honorary degrees, and doctorates, and in 1989 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.

And as it was stated in the Nobel Committee’s statement, “The Nobel Committee wants to emphasize the fact that the Dalai Lama, in his struggle for the liberation of Tibet, consistently has opposed the use of violence. He has, instead, advocated peaceful solutions, based upon tolerance and mutual respect, in order to preserve the historical and cultural legacy of his people. The Dalai Lama has come forward with constructive and forward looking proposals for the solution of international conflicts, human rights issues and global environmental problems.

Now, just so you know what the program is going to be today, His Holiness will speak for about an hour and a half, you know, the weather willing. The first part of that will be on the Eight Stanzas of Mind Training (by Langri Tangpa, 11th century), which is a particularly important text, and one that is important to all Buddhists. After that, His Holiness will confer initiation, as it were, in a declaration of altruism, and that will be the end of the program. So, it is my great great pleasure now, to introduce to, all are friends, no strangers here, The Dalai Lama.  (Applause)

The Dalai Lama:
 

Hello. Good morning, brothers and sisters. (laughs) I am here just to share some of our common interests. That is, of course, I believe — every human being, by nature, wants happiness and does not want suffering. And certainly, I believe, the very purpose of our life, is happiness, joyfulness. And then, here, I believe, every human being has the same potential to create inner peace, and through that way, happiness and joyfulness. [end of free audio]


From An Open Heart: Practicing Compassion in Everyday Life by His Holiness the Dalai Lama

In An Open Heart, the Dalai Lama continues:

Whether we are rich or poor, educated or uneducated, black or white, from the East or the West, our potential is equal. We are all the same, mentally and emotionally. Though some of us have larger noses and the color of our skin may differ slightly, physically we are basically the same. The difference are minor. Our mental and emotional similarity is what is important.

We share troublesome emotions as well as the positive ones that bring inner strength and tranquility. I think that it is important for us to be aware of our potential and let this inspire our self-confidence. Sometimes we look at the negative side of things and then feel hopeless. This, I think, is a wrong view.

I have no miracle to offer you. If someone has miraculous powers, then I shall seek this person’s help. Frankly, I am skeptical of those who claim extraordinary powers. However, through training our minds, with constant effort, we can change our mental perceptions or mental attitudes. This can make a real difference in our lives. 


If we have a positive attitude, then even when surrounded by hostility, we shall not lack inner peace. On the other hand, if our mental attitude is more negative, influenced by fear, suspicion, helplessness, or self-loathing, then even when surrounded by our best friends, in a nice atmosphere and comfortable surroundings, we shall not be happy. So, mental attitude is very important: it makes a real difference to our state of happiness.  

I think that it is wrong to expect that our problems can be solved by money or material benefit. It is unrealistic to believe that something positive can come about merely from something external. Of course, our material situation is important and helpful to us. However, our inner, mental attitudes are equally important -- if not more so. We must learn to steer away from pursuing a life of luxury, as it is an obstacle to our practice.

(Ibid. pp. 5-7)

Poet-and-so-much-more Brian Hassett summed up the sheer awesomeness of the 1999 East Meadow occasion in a poem titled


Dalai-Rama!

or

the Light at the End of the Tunnel

is the Twinkle in Your Own Eye!
 
And here’s the spoiler for Brian Hassett’s radiant “heart-warmer” poem:

 
Don Farber captured His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s 1999 visit in images. Don Farber's Central Park photos, numbered 278-299, are posted here: http://www.buddhistphotos.com/Don_Farber_Photography/Dalai_Lama_NYC.html 

The Dalai Lama in New York by Marta Macbeth, Snow Lion Newsletter, Autumn 1999

His Holiness the Dalai Lama in Central Park September 21, 2003  (Image from Phayul.com)

Central Park ~ September 21, 2003

On September 21, 2003, the International Day of Peace, two years after the September 11 attacks, the Dalai Lama once again spoke for peace and nonviolence in Central Park.

The day after His Holiness’ 2003 talk, the New York Times captured, in just a few lines, the Dalai Lama’s humor, humility and key message of compassion, not only for friends and strangers, but also for so-called enemies:
 

“I have nothing to offer, no special thing,'' he said with a chuckle. ''Just some blah, blah, blah.''

''More compassion automatically opens our inner self,'' he said. ''Too much self-centered attitude closes our inner door.''


''The very concept of war is out of date,'' he said to applause. ''Destruction of your neighbor as an enemy is essentially a destruction of yourself.’'


Secular Ethics: The Dalai Lama's Vision for a Peaceful Humanity

His Holiness the Dalai Lama is not only a religious leader, but also a great promoter of secular ethics for all humanity. His Holiness' words of peace, compassion and wisdom are a great blessing and inspiration for Central Park employees, volunteers and visitors, New Yorkers, all Americans and all members of our one common human family.

May His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet, Tenzin Gyatso, enjoy long life, good health and the realization of all his holy and extraordinary wishes for inner peace and world peace for all.


~
The Dalai Lama in Central Park tweets by @RealJannaWeiss
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1162032546198241281 August 15, 2019
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1147805702175567872 July 7, 2019
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1029800944870014976 August 15, 2018
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1028882927789195266 August 13, 2018
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1017266274307584000 July 12, 2018
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1017270047159484416 July 12, 2018
https://twitter.com/RealJannaWeiss/status/1014328395264675841 July 3, 2018

Sunday, April 8, 2018

Healing Violence

Mental health means non-violence. The moment physical, verbal or mental violence arises, mental health is absent. The Dalai Lama, the neuroscientist Richard Davidson and Daniel Goleman (author, Emotional Intelligence, Destructive Emotions, A Force for Good) use the term: emotional hygiene, mental hygiene. 

We are, by nature, non-violent creatures. We do not have fangs, or claws for grasping prey. We do not enjoy eating raw meat dripping with blood. We prefer the colors, smell and taste of fruits.

The human mind is capable of causing enormous harm. The human mind, the same mind, has enormous potential to do good, to benefit countless others.

It’s very important that we get to know our mind, how it functions, what are its constituent parts, what are the causes for happiness and inner peace, and what are the causes for suffering and violence. If we do not familiarize ourselves with our own mind, with how the wish to harm others arises in the mind, and with the importance of applying antidotes against harmful intent, against the wish to harm others, when it arises in the mind, we ourselves will not be happy. The wish to harm others is itself a moment of suffering.



The Public Health Model to Heal Violence explains how the wish to harm others arises in the mind. The model presents the mental causes for the wish to harm others. Breaking the model down into more steps shows how violence arises in the mind in finer detail. 


In Israel, and outside Israel, there is a lot of violence. People are violent towards one another, in the family, in the community, and at every level. If we want genuine peace, we will need to change.

Tibet was once a very violent society. The Tibetans internalized the importance of education for non-violence, and for 1300 years (with some gaps here and there, like during the reign of King Langdarma), the Tibetans created a compassionate society, a society that values virtues such as humility, patience, contentment, rejoicing in the joy of others, respect, kindness, honesty.

The different religions are precious precisely because they are treasuries of methods and ways to cultivate virtues, good qualities. Secular people also need practical knowledge in cultivating virtues and reducing violence.

It’s possible to overcome the wish to harm anyone. In Judaism, the person who overcomes the wish to harm anyone is called a hero
(גיבור, gibor),

Peace Pilgrim on the true hero:

"It concerns me when I see a small child watching the hero shoot the villain on television. It is teaching the small child to believe that shooting people is heroic. The hero just did it and it was effective. It was acceptable and the hero was well thought of afterward.

"If enough of us find inner peace to affect the institution of television, the little child will see the hero transform the villain and bring him to a good life. He’ll see the hero do something significant to serve fellow human beings. So little children will get the idea that if you want to be a hero you must help people."



The path to peace runs through the heart.
“Anything that softens the heart.”
A meaningful life is a life spent helping others with sincerity and kindness.
Dialogue is the path to peace.  

The Middle Way Approach
http://mwa.tibet.net/
Public Health Model to Heal and Eradicate Violence
http://therealjannaweiss.blogspot.com/2014/08/getting-to-root-of-violence-integrative.html

--
Translated from Hebrew http://cafe.themarker.com/post/3425779/
 

Saturday, February 17, 2018

Mindfulness and Loving Kindness Meditation ~ Richard Davidson & Dawn Bazarko

Mindfulness and Meditation: Techniques That Can Help Improve Your Well-Being

Free online video course
Created by AARP and Taught by Richard Davidson

Unit 2 Full Transcript

Four meditations: Three mindfulness meditations (breathing, body scan, open monitoring) and loving kindness meditation. The "why" from a scientific perspective is explained by famed neuroscientist Richard Davidson in Unit 1


Cultivate Well-Being - Richard Davidson

Mindfulness meditation. We’ve heard a lot about it here in this course already. You’ve also seen the cover of Newsweek, the cover of National Geographic, New York Times, Washington Post. It’s all over the place. Fundamentally, mindfulness has to do with awareness. We are all born with the capacity to be aware of our external environments as well as our internal environments. When we talk about the internal environment here, we’re referring to our thoughts and our feelings.

And mindfulness is fundamentally about being aware of what is actually occurring in the present moment. At first blush, this may seem obvious. It may seem like we’re always aware of the present moment. But, how many of you have had the experience of reading a book and actually knowing what each word is and turning the pages, and going through one page, a second page, and maybe by the third page, you realize you have absolutely no idea what you've just read. Yet you're aware of each word. But you're lost.

So mindfulness is really about paying attention to the present moment and harnessing this extraordinary faculty of awareness that we’re all endowed with. Mindfulness can also be used as we cultivate it, to change specific aspects of our emotional style. We can change outlook. We can change resilience. We can change attention through these simple practices of mindfulness.

Certain meditation exercises have been proven to lower stress, anxiety, and depression. They have also been shown to change the self-awareness, attention, and resilience dimensions of emotional style. 



Intro to Awareness of Breath: Mindfulness Breathing - Richard Davidson


And so the very first simple practice of mindfulness that we will describe is mindfulness of breathing. Now, why do we start with something like the breath?

Breathing is something that we carry around with us all the time, and so we can become mindful of our breathing at any point in time as we go about our daily lives. Now, let’s be honest — breath is not the most interesting stimulus that we can pay attention to that may be around us.

But this is actually the secret sauce of training mindfulness. If we can learn to pay attention to our breathing, we can learn to pay attention to virtually anything. 



Mindfulness Breathing Meditation - Dawn Bazarko

I’ll be leading you now through an awareness of breath meditation. Let’s begin with tuning into our posture. So we can meditate sitting on a chair, like we are, sitting on a meditation cushion on the floor, even standing, walking, lying down. So, as we sit in the chair, just moving your body forward just a little bit so you’re nice and stable, feet on the floor, legs uncrossed, and allowing your hands to just rest on your thighs or cradled in your lap — wherever they’re comfortable. There’s no special way you need to hold your hands. And just embodying a posture that’s upright and balances relaxation yet wakefulness.

And if you wish, allowing your eyes to close gently. Or just a soft gaze on the floor a few feet out in front of you. Let’s begin by just taking a few deep breaths in [pause] and out [pause].

Just inviting a little bit of relaxation and ease to your day. And just feeling your body seated here, supported by the chair.

Feeling your feet on the floor connected to this earth. And let’s begin by checking in with our intention for our practice. Why are we practicing?

Tuning in to our intention, our motivation, taking this time to connect our minds and our hearts together — it’s a practice that benefits ourselves and so many people in our lives, people throughout the entire world.

It’s really a profound act of generosity. Begin by just exploring how we’re feeling here today. Our inner landscape — beginning with the mind, tuning into the condition of the mind. What thoughts are there to be noticed in the mind? Perhaps observing a thought arising and passing away again. And as best you can, simply allowing thoughts to be mental events, nothing more.

Resisting the temptation to get carried up in the thought. Now tuning in to how you’re feeling, your emotions. What emotions are present to be experienced?

Perhaps you’re noticing a sense of anxiety or even some stress. Perhaps there’s a sense of peacefulness and ease — just allowing things to be just as they are, not needing to change anything. [brief pause]

And now tuning into the body, doing on your own, a brief scan of the body, starting at the top of the head. Noticing sensations, the head and the face.

Dropping down to the jaw. You want your jaw to be relaxed and loose. Scanning, sweeping now through the neck and the shoulders, a place we may carry a lot of tension or tightness.

Exploring sensations in the torso, the arms, the hands. Noticing what’s present, again, without needing to change anything. It’s just your experience in this moment.

Dropping your focus down, now, through the abdomen, the hips, thighs, knees, lower legs. All the way to the tips of your toes, both feet. And any time you run into places in the body where you might notice some tingling or tightness, or even pain, seeing if you can allow those places to just soften and relax. Even channeling your breath right into those places.

And now gathering up all of your attention and directing it right into the body, where you can feel the sensations of the breath most vividly today.

Most people experience the breath at the tip of the nose, the upper lip. Or the movement in the belly or the chest. So selecting a place where it’s easiest to make contact with your breathing. Connecting your attention right there with the sensations of the natural breath in the body.

Feeling the rising and expansion when you breathe in and noticing how the body feels when you breath out as it settles back to the spine. Allowing the breath to be an anchor into this present moment. The breath is always in the now. It’s not in the future, not in the past.

Now see if you can follow the cycle of just one breath. The rising and expansion as you breathe in and the settling as you breathe out. Allowing the breath to breathe on its own. You may find from time to time that your attention has been pulled off to thoughts, to sounds, to planning. Even sounds in the room. In that moment of noticing is a moment of waking up, a moment of mindfulness. And it’s not a problem. It’s all part of the practice.

And just directing your focus of attention once more, and reconnecting with your breathing. And doing this over and over again. The nature of the mind is to wander. Just invite it back. Back once more to the sensations of breathing.

So let’s sit here in silence together for just a few moments, following the sensations of your breathing, noticing if your attention is pulled off. And just begin again. It’s not a problem. (15 second pause)

So I’ll bring the practice to a close now with the ringing of the bell. (brief pause)

Thank you for your practice. Opening your eyes when you’re ready, if you closed them. 



Intro to the Body Scan - Richard Davidson


Once you feel like you’ve gained some experience becoming aware of your breathing, the next mindfulness practice that we can try is called the body scan. The body scan is simply bringing awareness into our bodies. We are embodied beings, and yet we spend so much of our day focused on the external world, focused on the sights and sounds and smells and tastes around us. We spend very little time actually becoming aware of what’s going on in our bodies. And the body scan is an invitation to explore in the present moment what is actually arising in our bodies.
By doing a body scan, we can help relieve certain kinds of stress and anxiety. The body scan can also help us to sharpen our attentional focus. The body scan also brings more awareness to ourselves, more awareness to what’s going on inside, which is tremendously beneficial for empathy and for compassion and for self-awareness.
The following is a complete body scan demonstration, but for the purposes of this course, it may be slightly condensed. For this exercise, feel free to watch the video and try again on your own later or simply listen along. Let’s try it. 



The Body Scan Meditation - Dawn Bazarko


I’ll be leading you now through the Body Scan meditation practice. So the Body Scan is a practice of focusing our attention with the sensory experiences in our bodies. So I’ll be leading you through a systematic review of regions of the body. And we’ll be bringing our attention inside the body to experience what’s to be felt, the sensations in the body. So the Body Scan is a wonderful practice to connect our minds into what we’re experiencing in our bodies. And it’s also a wonderful focused practice. So as we’re performing the Body Scan, if you find that you're lost in thought or exploring a different part of the body, it’s not a problem.

You can always come back to the sensations of breathing or back to the place in the body that we’ll be scanning. The Body Scan can be done in a chair, just like we’re sitting now, or lying down. Many people like to do the Body Scan lying down at night before they fall asleep. It can feel very relaxing. It’s a practice to fall awake, not so much fall asleep. But if you do find yourself getting a little sleepy through the Body Scan, just open your eyes. Okay?

So we’ll begin with checking in with our posture. With our feet on the floor, resting your hands on your thighs or cradled in your lap. And just observing the back stretched upward. Inviting that posture of wakefulness and restfulness. And dropping your gaze on the floor a few feet in front of you if you wish, or closing your eyes completely. And just taking a few deep breaths in and out. Inviting yourself into this moment.

Breathing in some relaxation and ease. And letting go on the out breath anything you might be holding that doesn’t serve you well. And grounding with your intention for the practice. Your motivation for taking this time for self care. This act of generosity that benefits ourselves, those around us, and the world. And we’ll begin by just checking in to our inner experiences right now.

Starting with observing what thoughts there are in the mind. Noticing how thoughts arise and pass away again. Exploring your heart’s center. How are you feeling today? What emotions are to be noticed? Allowing things to be just as they are. And now directing your attention back into the body. Feeling the weight of your body seated here. Your hands resting on your thighs or cradled in your lap. Feeling your feet on the floor, connected to the earth.

Let’s begin now by stabilizing our attention by connecting with our breathing. Wherever you feel your breath in your body most vividly right now. You might notice sensations of breathing at the tip of the nose, over the lip, the chest, or deep in the belly. Just choosing a place now that’s easiest for you to connect your attention with the sensations of breathing. Not thinking so much about breathing, but sensing the breath from inside the body. What does this breath feel like in this moment? Is it deep or shallow? Long? Short? Are you feeling your breath at the top of your lungs or deep in your belly?

Bringing a little bit of curiosity, even some playfulness to the practice. Now, as the mind begins to settle, as the body does too, we’ll begin to scan the body, starting with our feet. So directing your focus of attention all the way down the body to both feet. And noticing sensations in the toes, the soles of your feet, the tops of your feet, even the ankle region. Perhaps you’re noticing some coolness, or tingling, heaviness. Just observing sensations in this part of the body, the feet, the ankles. Without judging your experience, just noticing what’s to be felt in this part of the body. Now breathing in. And on the out breath, directing your focus of attention up through the lower legs, the knees, all the way through the thighs, both legs. Taking in this part of the body and exploring all the sensations that are to be felt here.

You might notice the weight of your clothing. Perhaps a little bit of tightness or heaviness. Feeling your hands making contact with your thighs, perhaps. Just exploring all sensations in this entire region of the body, just as it is. And any time you run into tightness, or bracing, or tension, see if you can just channel your breath right into those places. Breathing right into the legs, knees, lower legs.

Now, breathing in. And on the out breath, moving your attentional focus now up to the buttocks, pelvis area, the abdomen. Exploring all that’s to be felt here. Perhaps feeling the weight of your body supported by the chair.

You might even notice sensations of digestion or hunger in the belly. Or you may not notice anything at all and just register not noticing. That’s okay too. And any time you find that your attention has been pulled off from the body to sounds or thoughts, just notice where it’s gone.
And gently, but firmly, with lots of self-kindness, direct it back to the region of the body that we’re exploring. The abdomen, the buttocks, the pelvis.

Now breathing in. And on the out breath, letting go of that part of the body and moving your attention now up into the torso. The back part of the body, the front part of the body. It’s part of the body that does so many things for us. Supports our circulation, our lungs, breathing air in. All our vital organs that work so hard to keep us alive.

And exploring what’s to be felt in this entire region of the body. You might be feeling your heartbeat. This is also a part of the body where we hold lots of emotion. Exploring all that’s to be felt without judging and allowing things to be just as they are.

Now breathing in and breathing out, letting go of this part of the body, and directing your focus of attention down both arms to the tips of your fingers. And exploring all the sensations in this entire region of the body. So many nerve endings in our hands and fingers. You might be feeling pulsing or vibration. Even a little bit of tingling or moisture.

Exploring sensations through the full hands, the wrists. These hands that do so much work for us, and we often don’t pay such kind, close attention as we are now.

Directing your focus up through the lower arms, the upper arms, all the way to the place that the arms connect with the shoulders. Noticing all that’s to be experienced in this moment in the arms, and the hands, fingers. Breathing in, and on the out breath, letting go of this region of the body and directing your focus of attention now up into the shoulders. The back and front part of the neck, even the lower jaw.

Noticing, feeling the sensations in this part of the body. You might notice some tensing or tightness in the shoulders, lowering the shoulders to just relax and soften. You might be noticing even some tightness and bracing in the jaw. Allowing the jaw to be loose, even separating your lips just a little bit.

And again, you might not be feeling anything at all. And that’s okay. Just bringing awareness into this part of the body, directing your focus of attention right here. Now breathing in, and breathing out, moving your attention now up to explore sensations in the face, forehead, the top of the head, scalp, even the ears.

Noticing sensations of your furrowing your brow and the forehead. Space around the eyes, behind the eyes. And noticing sensations in the ears. These ears that receive sound all day. And exploring what there is to be felt at the top of the head, scalp. And breathing in and letting go of this part of the body, and breathing out and taking in your entire body as a whole, seated here.

Breathing in through your entire body, from the top of your head to the tips of your toes, fingertip to fingertip. Breathing in and breathing out. (brief pause)

And just sensing the body seated here, whole and complete. And as I draw the meditation to a close, once more, just connecting with the sensations of breathing, the natural breath in the body. Wherever it calls to you, the chest, the abdomen. Or even feeling like your whole body is breathing. Because it is. And if you wish, even bringing a little smile to your face, even if you don’t feel like smiling. Just bringing a little smile to your face for taking this time to nourish yourself in this way. To nourish yourself, to nourish those around you through this practice of mindfulness. And I’ll end the meditation now with the ringing of the bell. (Bell ringing)

Thank you for your practice, body scan, and opening your eyes, if you closed them. 



Intro to Open Monitoring - Richard Davidson

If you’d like to build more awareness of the world around you, and perhaps loosen your tight attention focus, I suggest you try open monitoring meditation, also known as open presence meditation. This type of meditation doesn’t have you focus on one specific object, but it allows you to take in all the ongoing feelings and emotions and sensations that may be occurring.
In essence, it’s meant to cultivate awareness of awareness. I mentioned this in my book, but many people who practice this type of meditation say it gives them a panoramic view of their world by helping them understand their own thoughts, their own feelings, and the world around them in an integrated way. So let’s please try it. Feel free to watch the meditation instruction or simply to listen along. 




Open Monitoring Meditation - Dawn Bazarko


This practice is called Open Monitoring or Open Awareness, so it’s going to be a little bit different of an experience. Before, the instruction has involved focusing attention in a very specific way into the body, following the sensations of the breath, or even in the Body Scan. Really focusing on the parts of the body that we were sensing. This time we’re going to open up our awareness broadly, as if a spotlight, a spotlight of awareness, and invite in anything that presents.

And we’re going to maintain a sense of openness and acceptance, non-judgement, to all of these experiences, and holding them all in our field of awareness. There may be some things that present in the foreground and then fall to the background, so it’s going to be a little bit different of a practice this time.

So let’s begin by settling into our meditation posture, relaxed and awake, allowing your eyes to remain open in a soft gaze, or a few feet out in front of you on the floor, or eyes closed entirely.

And just taking a few deep breaths in and out to invite yourself into this moment. Inviting in some relaxation and ease, and letting go on the out breath anything you might be holding that doesn’t serve you well.

And as we settle, making an intention of exploring our motivation for the practice, this practice that benefits ourselves and those in our lives, our loved ones, and all people throughout the world. It’s a profound act of generosity and compassion and goodness. And connecting your attention to begin with the sensations of breathing, settling with the breath to calm the mind as we transition to open monitoring.

Following the cycle of your breathing, connecting with the breath in the body, wherever it’s most vivid for you, where you feel the breath most clearly. And now when you’re ready, opening up your field of awareness, that spotlight of awareness, to invite in and observe everything that presents in your mind. If you notice a thought, observing the rising and passing of a thought, without getting tangled up in the content of thinking.

As if watching thoughts from afar, being an objective observer of your thinking. If you experience sound or noises in the room or outside of the room, just receiving sound, observing the quality of the sound, the intensity of the sound and how it passes away, without judging sound as beautiful or noise. Just receiving sound. This is a practice of building awareness of awareness. Meta-awareness.

If you notice body sensations or strong emotions in the foreground of your attention, just observing [pause] them, the experience of the sensation, the pull of the emotion in the body, without getting tangled up in the emotion or the sensation or judging, just experiencing it. Holding all of your experiences in your field of awareness, treating all things equally, not judging anything as good or bad, just allowing them to be your experiences in this moment.

And as I bring this practice to a close, once more I invite you to connect with your breath in the body, help stabilize the mind, settle the body, very helpful any time we become unsettled. And sending yourself a little bit of appreciation for taking these moments to practice in this way, to nourish the mind, nourish the body, profound act of self care. And I’ll bring the practice to a close now with the ringing of the bell. (Bell ringing)

And gently opening your eyes if you closed them. Thank you for your practice. 



Intro to Loving Kindness Meditation - Richard Davidson

A popular type of meditation for building compassion and empathy is called “Loving Kindness” meditation. It’s very similar to another type of meditation that you may have heard of called “Compassion Meditation.” Loving Kindness is designed to break down feelings of resentment, of hatred, and of greed. It builds your love for yourself and your love for others, even those who may challenge you, which has many positive benefits.

It’s been used to lower stress and anxiety, and also to build well-being. The way it works is pretty simple. You just say uplifting phrases about yourself and about others in your mind. Sounds very easy but the results can be enormously powerful. Over time, loving kindness can help you open your heart to others, and even build your love for yourself. It can also help in the beginning process of forgiving yourself or someone else.


Loving Kindness Meditation - Dawn Bazarko

I’ll be leading you now through a compassion practice. And it’s a wonderful practice that recalls our true nature of goodness and kindness and love. It’s also a practice that reminds us that we’re all deeply interconnected. We’re all part of the condition of being human. It’s a practice that helps us open our hearts and our minds to ourselves and to others. It’s a very lovely, profound practice. So the practice will involve me reciting words or phrases, and we’ll be directing these phrases, these wishes to ourselves and to other people in our lives, including people in our lives that we might have some difficulties with. So it’s not so much about the words or the wishes, it’s around the heartfelt intention, of extending this heartfelt expression of kindness and love and. compassion to others.

So the typical phrases that are utilized in the practice are words like: May I be safe. May I be happy. May I be healthy. And may I live with ease. And we’ll begin with ourselves, because often it’s hardest to express these wishes to ourselves. We’re often putting other people first. But we’re going to experiment, extending these wishes to ourselves. And then I’ll be instructing you to extend these wishes to a benefactor, a person in your life that’s helped you, a loved one, a neutral person, a difficult person. And then we’ll close at the end by extending these wishes to all people throughout the world. So let’s begin by settling into our meditation posture, feet on the floor, legs uncrossed, hands resting on your thighs or cradled in your lap, eyes open or closed, whatever feels comfortable for you.

I’m spending a moment now silently reflecting on our intention for the practice, this practice of generosity, of kindness, love, compassion that benefits ourselves and so many throughout the world. Begin by connecting with the sensations of breathing in the body, using the breath as an anchor to place your attention in this moment, connected into the now, into this moment and allowing the breath to just settle into its own natural pace. (short pause)

And we’ll begin by extending these wishes of kindness, compassion, and loving kindness to ourselves. So bringing to mind an image, maybe a memory of yourself. Sometimes its helpful as if you envision sitting, looking right into your very own eyes and repeating these phrases at a pace that feels comfortable and authentic for you. Don’t worry so much about the words. It’s again, the intention, and extending these wishes to yourself.

May I be safe. May I be healthy. May I live with ease.
May I be safe. May I be healthy. May I live with ease.

And allowing the feelings of compassion and loving kindness to flow through your entire body. You might even notice an opening, a warmth in the heart or a warmth through your entire body perhaps, or not noticing anything at all, and that’s too, fine. Now bringing to mind someone who has helped you in your life, might be a grandparent, a teacher, someone who has really supported you, bring that person into your awareness, your mind’s eye, holding this person in your awareness and extending these heartfelt wishes to that individual, or persons. Maybe there’s more than one person.

May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.
May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.

And now letting go of this person or persons, and bringing to mind a dear loved one, a purely uncomplicated relationship, could be with a child, a spouse, a dear friend, bringing that person to mind as if they’re right here with you, right now, and extending these wishes to that person or persons.

May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.
May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.

And now letting go of that person or persons, and bringing to mind a neutral person, someone you don’t really know that well, don’t really feel one way about them or the other, could be the person who works at the coffee shop, could be the janitor, someone you don’t know very well, and reminding ourselves that this person or persons wants the very same thing that we want, and bringing that individual to mind now and extending these heartfelt wishes.

May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.
May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.

And just taking a moment now and reconnecting with the breath and the body. Sometimes when we practice this way, we might notice strong emotion, feeling of warmth in the chest. It’s all natural. It’s a feeling of loving kindness, of opening our hearts.

Now I invite you to bring to mind someone that’s difficult, maybe not the most difficult person in your life, but someone with whom you experience some friction or tension, inviting them into your awareness, holding them in your mind’s eye, and now extending those wishes to that person and a gentle reminder that they, too, want what we want, even the people in our lives tat we have difficulties with.

May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease.
May you be safe. May you be healthy. May you live with ease, just like I want to.

And now we’ll bring to mind all people throughout the world everywhere without any exception, all people, fish in the sea, the birds in the air, the planet Earth, all beings throughout the world, and extending these wishes to all beings everywhere without any exception.

May all beings everywhere be safe. May all beings everywhere be healthy.
May all beings everywhere live their lives with joy and ease.

May all beings everywhere, ourselves included, find peace.
May all beings everywhere find peace.

And in the final moments of the practice, once more reconnecting with your heart, if you wish, even placing a hand or two hands over your heart as a gesture of compassion, kindness, generosity to ourselves and to the world, and sending some appreciation to yourself for practicing in this way, extending compassion and kindness and goodness to ourselves and to all people throughout the world. And I’ll ring the bell now to end the meditation. [Bell ringing]

And opening your eyes, if you closed them, when you’re ready.
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Course Conclusion - Richard Davidson

We’ve come to the end. Thank you so much for taking this course and for your practice. We’ve learned a lot. We’ve learned about six dimensions of emotional style, all really important for our well-being and for our life. We’ve also taught you some very simple meditation practices and mindfulness exercises. These are practices which you can take anywhere. You can do them as you’re commuting, you can do them at home, do them at work, even for just a few minutes a day.
Please think of this as a kind of mental exercise that may complement physical exercise. It’s a sort of mental hygiene practice. I hope that you can use the exercise that we’ve taught to ignite your passion for training your mind, rather than leaving the conditioning of our minds to the happenstance circumstances around us. We have many more resources on the web page so that you can continue your journey. We wish you well, and thank you again for your attention and for your practice. 




Go to Unit 1
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More Resources

To Practice Mindfulness, Counting Your Breaths - Breathe In and Out
http://centerhealthyminds.org/news/to-practice-mindfulness-start-by-counting-your-breaths

Innate Kindness- Learn More About Kindness
http://centerhealthyminds.org/join-the-movement/innate-kindness

Mindfulness and Beyond - Consider a variety of contemplative practices
http://centerhealthyminds.org/news/mindfulness-and-beyond

The Center for Healthy Minds
http://centerhealthyminds.org/

Meditation and Attention
http://centerhealthyminds.org/news/study-can-meditation-sharpen-our-attention

Brain Power - free course 45 min Taught by Wendy Suzuki, PhD
http://ula.thebigknow.com/course/brain-power-improve-brain-health-cl1-uhc/session/brain-power-improve-brain-health-cl1-uhc


~
Unit 2 full transcript posted here with permission from AARP.


May all beings be happy, free of suffering and its causes.